Arrhenius bases are defined as substances that...

Arrhenius bases are defined as substances that...

• A. Donates H+ ions in water.
• B. Provides hydroxide ions (OH-) in water.
• C. Accepts protons (H+).
• D. Produces hydronium ions (H3O+) in water.

Answer: (B)

Arrhenius bases are defined by what they do in water: they increase the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH−). When a base dissolves, it dissociates to release OH−, which raises the solution’s pH and makes it basic. This is the hallmark of Arrhenius bases. So, the option that states it provides hydroxide ions in water aligns exactly with this definition. Donating H+ in water describes Arrhenius acids, not bases. Accepting protons is characteristic of Bronsted-Lowry bases, which is a broader concept than the Arrhenius definition. Producing hydronium ions (H3O+) in water describes acidic behavior, not base behavior.

Arrhenius bases are defined by what they do in water: they increase the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH−). When a base dissolves, it dissociates to release OH−, which raises the solution’s pH and makes it basic. This is the hallmark of Arrhenius bases.

So, the option that states it provides hydroxide ions in water aligns exactly with this definition. Donating H+ in water describes Arrhenius acids, not bases. Accepting protons is characteristic of Bronsted-Lowry bases, which is a broader concept than the Arrhenius definition. Producing hydronium ions (H3O+) in water describes acidic behavior, not base behavior.